> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://standard.aiuc-1.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# B009: Limit output over-exposure

export const InlineClock = ({city, timeZone}) => {
  const [time, setTime] = useState('--:--:--');
  useEffect(() => {
    const update = () => setTime(new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en-US', {
      hour: '2-digit',
      minute: '2-digit',
      second: '2-digit',
      hour12: false,
      timeZone
    }).format(new Date()));
    update();
    const id = setInterval(update, 1000);
    return () => clearInterval(id);
  }, [timeZone]);
  return <div className="aiuc-footer-clock">
      <span className="aiuc-footer-clock-city">{city}</span>
      <span className="aiuc-footer-clock-time">{time}</span>
    </div>;
};

Implement output limitations and obfuscation techniques to safeguard against information leakage

<div className="aiuc-requirement-overview">
  <section className="aiuc-requirement-overview-section aiuc-requirement-overview-taxonomy">
    <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-group">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-label">Keywords</div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill-list">
        <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Output Obfuscation</span>
        <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Fidelity Reduction</span>
        <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Information Leakage</span>
        <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Adversarial Use</span>
        <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Response Filtering</span>
      </div>
    </div>
  </section>

  <section className="aiuc-requirement-overview-section aiuc-requirement-overview-details">
    <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-detail">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-label">Application</div>
      <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Mandatory</span>
    </div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-detail">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-label">Frequency</div>
      <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Every 12 months</span>
    </div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-detail">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-label">Type</div>
      <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Preventative</span>
    </div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-detail">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-label">Capabilities</div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill-list">
        <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Text-generation</span>
        <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Voice-generation</span>
        <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Image-generation</span>
      </div>
    </div>
  </section>

  <section className="aiuc-requirement-overview-section aiuc-requirement-overview-crosswalks">
    <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-label">Crosswalks</div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-grid">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-group">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-heading">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-title">MITRE ATLAS</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker aiuc-crosswalk-help-marker" data-tooltip="Knowledge base of adversarial tactics, techniques and mitigation strategies for machine learning systems, similar to MITRE ATT&CK for cybersecurity" tabIndex="0">?</span>
        </div>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-rule" aria-hidden="true" />

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-items">
          <a href="/crosswalks/mitre-atlas" title="Decreasing the fidelity of model outputs provided to the end user can reduce an adversaries ability to extract information about the model and optimize attacks…">AML-M0002: Passive AI Output Obfuscation</a>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-group">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-heading">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-title">NIST AI RMF</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker aiuc-crosswalk-help-marker" data-tooltip="US government framework for managing AI risks throughout the AI lifecycle with four core functions: Govern, Map, Measure, Manage" tabIndex="0">?</span>
        </div>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-rule" aria-hidden="true" />

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-items">
          <a href="/crosswalks/nist-ai-rmf" title="Privacy risk of the AI system – as identified in the MAP function – is examined and documented.">MEASURE 2.10: Privacy risk assessment</a>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-group">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-heading">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-title">OWASP Top 10</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker aiuc-crosswalk-help-marker" data-tooltip="Curated list of the most critical security threats to LLM and generative AI systems" tabIndex="0">?</span>
        </div>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-rule" aria-hidden="true" />

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-items">
          <a href="/crosswalks/owasp-top-10" title="Sensitive info in LLMs includes PII, financial, health, business, security, and legal data. Proprietary models face risks with unique training methods and sour…">LLM02:25 - Sensitive Information Disclosure</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/owasp-top-10" title="Improper Output Handling involves inadequate validation of LLM outputs before downstream use. Exploits include XSS, CSRF, SSRF, privilege escalation, or remote…">LLM05:25 - Improper Output Handling</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/owasp-top-10" title="Vectors and embeddings vulnerabilities in RAG with LLMs allow exploits via weak generation, storage, or retrieval. These can inject harmful content, manipulate…">LLM08:25 - Vector and Embedding Weaknesses</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/owasp-top-10" title="LLM misinformation occurs when false and credible outputs mislead users, risking security breaches, reputational harm, and legal liability, making it a critica…">LLM09:25 - Misinformation</a>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-group">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-heading">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-title">CSA AICM</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker aiuc-crosswalk-help-marker" data-tooltip="Cloud Security Alliance’s AI Controls Matrix provides security controls framework specifically designed for AI/ML systems" tabIndex="0">?</span>
        </div>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-rule" aria-hidden="true" />

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-items">
          <a href="/crosswalks/csa-aicm" title="Validate, filter, modify or block, as necessary, output against adversarial patterns, failure patterns and unwanted behaviour according to organisational polic…">AIS-09: Output Validation</a>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-group">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-heading">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-title">IBM AI Risk Atlas</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker aiuc-crosswalk-help-marker" data-tooltip="Comprehensive taxonomy of risks associated with ML models, GenAI, and AI Agents from IBM Research" tabIndex="0">?</span>
        </div>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-rule" aria-hidden="true" />

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-items">
          <a href="/crosswalks/ibm-ai-risk-atlas" title="A prompt leak attack attempts to extract a model's system prompt (also known as the system message).">IBM 47: Inference - Prompt leaking</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/ibm-ai-risk-atlas" title="When confidential information is used in training data, fine-tuning data, or as part of the prompt, models might reveal that data in the generated output. Reve…">IBM 74: Output - Revealing confidential information</a>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-group">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-heading">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-title">Cisco AI Security Framework</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker aiuc-crosswalk-help-marker" data-tooltip="Comprehensive AI threat landscape taxonomy identifying 19 attacker objectives with 150+ subtechniques from Cisco" tabIndex="0">?</span>
        </div>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-rule" aria-hidden="true" />

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-items">
          <a href="/crosswalks/cisco-ai-security-safety-framework" title="Actors manipulate contextual information that an agent sees, processes, or transmits by exploiting unclear or porous boundaries between different context segme…">AITech-4.2: Context Boundary Attacks</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/cisco-ai-security-safety-framework" title="Actors determine whether a specific data point, record, or individual was included in a model's training dataset, exposing sensitive information about training…">AITech-8.1: Membership Inference</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/cisco-ai-security-safety-framework" title="Actors intentionally or unintentionally cause sensitive information to be exposed through model outputs, API responses, or system behaviors. This includes leak…">AITech-8.2: Data Exfiltration / Exposure</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/cisco-ai-security-safety-framework" title="Actors trigger the unintentional or unauthorized exposure, leakage, or sharing of data, model parameters, or system details to parties who should not have acce…">AITech-8.3: Information Disclosure</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/cisco-ai-security-safety-framework" title="Actors extract, reveal, or reconstruct the system prompts, meta-prompts, hidden instructions, initial context, or operational directives that define a model/ag…">AITech-8.4: Prompt/Meta Extraction</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/cisco-ai-security-safety-framework" title="Actors reconstructs private training data, sensitive features, or confidential information from a trained model by exploiting the model's learned representatio…">AITech-10.2: Model Inversion</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/cisco-ai-security-safety-framework" title="Actors exploit insufficient sanitization, validation, filtering, or security controls applied to content generated by models or agents before it is passed to d…">AITech-12.2: Insecure Output Handling</a>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </section>
</div>

<section className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence">
  <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-headings">
    <h2>Control activities</h2>
    <h2>Typical evidence</h2>
  </div>

  <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-group">
    <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-label">
      <span>Should include</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker" data-tooltip="Organizations must demonstrate core controls to meet the requirement. Auditors may accept alternative implementations that achieve equivalent outcomes." tabIndex="0">?</span>
    </div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-row">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-card aiuc-requirement-control-card">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-item">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-control-bullet" aria-hidden="true" />

          <p><strong>Reducing or limiting the number of results shown in outputs to relevant only to balance security and utility.</strong> For example, character limits, limits on inference time.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-card aiuc-requirement-evidence-card">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-title">B009.1 Config: Output volume limits</div>
        <p>Code or configuration implementing output restrictions - may include character or token limits, inference time limits, result count restrictions, or timeout configurations preventing excessive output. Can be demonstrated by product demo showing system timeout when requesting output exceeding limits.</p>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta">
          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Category</div>
            <a href="/evidence/technical-implementation">Technical Implementation</a>
          </div>

          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Typical location</div>

            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill-list">
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Engineering Code</span>
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Product</span>
            </div>
          </div>

          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Capabilities</div>

            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill-list">
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Text-generation</span>
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Voice-generation</span>
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Image-generation</span>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-group">
    <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-label">
      <span>May include</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker" data-tooltip="Supplemental controls demonstrating additional safeguards. Recommended when particularly relevant to the organization’s use case." tabIndex="0">?</span>
    </div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-row">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-card aiuc-requirement-control-card">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-item">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-control-bullet" aria-hidden="true" />

          <p><strong>Providing user-facing notices or documentation about output limitations.</strong></p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-card aiuc-requirement-evidence-card">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-title">B009.2 Demonstration: User output notices</div>
        <p>Product interface showing user notices about output limitations - may include messages indicating truncated or suppressed outputs for security or privacy reasons, user documentation explaining limitation policies, or help articles describing output restrictions.</p>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta">
          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Category</div>
            <a href="/evidence/operational-practices">Operational Practices</a>
          </div>

          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Typical location</div>

            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill-list">
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Product</span>
            </div>
          </div>

          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Capabilities</div>

            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill-list">
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Text-generation</span>
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Voice-generation</span>
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Image-generation</span>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-row">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-card aiuc-requirement-control-card">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-item">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-control-bullet" aria-hidden="true" />

          <p><strong>Limiting the fidelity of model outputs in certain use cases.</strong> For example, applying output rounding, threshold bands, or obfuscation techniques to reduce the risk of model inversion.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-card aiuc-requirement-evidence-card">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-title">B009.3 Config: Output precision controls</div>
        <p>Code implementing output fidelity limitations - may include rounding logic for numerical outputs, threshold bands reducing precision, or obfuscation techniques preventing model inversion, precision-sensitive data disclosure, or adversarial model extraction attacks.</p>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta">
          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Category</div>
            <a href="/evidence/technical-implementation">Technical Implementation</a>
          </div>

          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Typical location</div>

            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill-list">
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Engineering Code</span>
            </div>
          </div>

          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Capabilities</div>

            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill-list">
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Text-generation</span>
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Voice-generation</span>
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Image-generation</span>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  <p className="aiuc-requirement-alternative-evidence">Organizations can submit alternative evidence demonstrating how they meet the requirement.</p>
</section>

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        <span className="aiuc-footer-codeblock-text">Evidence templates for technical implementation, legal policy, operational practice, and third-party evaluation.</span>
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