> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://standard.aiuc-1.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# A004: Protect IP & trade secrets

export const InlineClock = ({city, timeZone}) => {
  const [time, setTime] = useState('--:--:--');
  useEffect(() => {
    const update = () => setTime(new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en-US', {
      hour: '2-digit',
      minute: '2-digit',
      second: '2-digit',
      hour12: false,
      timeZone
    }).format(new Date()));
    update();
    const id = setInterval(update, 1000);
    return () => clearInterval(id);
  }, [timeZone]);
  return <div className="aiuc-footer-clock">
      <span className="aiuc-footer-clock-city">{city}</span>
      <span className="aiuc-footer-clock-time">{time}</span>
    </div>;
};

Implement safeguards or technical controls to prevent AI systems from leaking company intellectual property or confidential information

<div className="aiuc-requirement-overview">
  <section className="aiuc-requirement-overview-section aiuc-requirement-overview-taxonomy">
    <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-group">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-label">Keywords</div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill-list">
        <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Intellectual Property</span>
        <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Confidential Information</span>
        <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Data Protections</span>
      </div>
    </div>
  </section>

  <section className="aiuc-requirement-overview-section aiuc-requirement-overview-details">
    <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-detail">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-label">Application</div>
      <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Mandatory</span>
    </div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-detail">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-label">Frequency</div>
      <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Every 12 months</span>
    </div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-detail">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-label">Type</div>
      <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Preventative</span>
    </div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-detail">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-label">Capabilities</div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill-list">
        <span className="aiuc-requirement-overview-pill">Universal</span>
      </div>
    </div>
  </section>

  <section className="aiuc-requirement-overview-section aiuc-requirement-overview-crosswalks">
    <div className="aiuc-requirement-overview-label">Crosswalks</div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-grid">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-group">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-heading">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-title">MITRE ATLAS</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker aiuc-crosswalk-help-marker" data-tooltip="Knowledge base of adversarial tactics, techniques and mitigation strategies for machine learning systems, similar to MITRE ATT&CK for cybersecurity" tabIndex="0">?</span>
        </div>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-rule" aria-hidden="true" />

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-items">
          <a href="/crosswalks/mitre-atlas" title="Guardrails are safety controls that are placed between a generative AI model and the output shared with the user to prevent undesired inputs and outputs. Guard…">AML-M0020: Generative AI Guardrails</a>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-group">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-heading">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-title">EU AI Act</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker aiuc-crosswalk-help-marker" data-tooltip="EU regulation classifies AI systems by risk levels (minimal, limited, high, unacceptable) with corresponding compliance obligations" tabIndex="0">?</span>
        </div>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-rule" aria-hidden="true" />

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-items">
          <a href="/crosswalks/eu-ai-act" title="The EU AI Act requires providers of high-risk AI systems to establish a post-market monitoring system. This system should collect and analyze data on the perfo…">Article 72: Post-Market Monitoring by Providers and Post-Market Monitoring Plan for High-Risk AI Systems</a>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-group">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-heading">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-title">OWASP Top 10</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker aiuc-crosswalk-help-marker" data-tooltip="Curated list of the most critical security threats to LLM and generative AI systems" tabIndex="0">?</span>
        </div>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-rule" aria-hidden="true" />

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-items">
          <a href="/crosswalks/owasp-top-10" title="LLM supply chains face risks in training data, models, and platforms, causing bias, breaches, or failures. Unlike traditional software, ML risks include third-…">LLM03:25 - Supply Chain</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/owasp-top-10" title="Improper Output Handling involves inadequate validation of LLM outputs before downstream use. Exploits include XSS, CSRF, SSRF, privilege escalation, or remote…">LLM05:25 - Improper Output Handling</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/owasp-top-10" title="Vectors and embeddings vulnerabilities in RAG with LLMs allow exploits via weak generation, storage, or retrieval. These can inject harmful content, manipulate…">LLM08:25 - Vector and Embedding Weaknesses</a>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-group">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-heading">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-title">CSA AICM</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker aiuc-crosswalk-help-marker" data-tooltip="Cloud Security Alliance’s AI Controls Matrix provides security controls framework specifically designed for AI/ML systems" tabIndex="0">?</span>
        </div>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-rule" aria-hidden="true" />

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-items">
          <a href="/crosswalks/csa-aicm" title="Establish, document, approve, communicate, apply, evaluate and maintain policies and procedures for the classification, protection, preparation and handling of…">DSP-01: Security and Privacy Policy and Procedures</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/csa-aicm" title="Define, implement and evaluate processes, procedures and technical measures that ensure any transfer of personal or sensitive data is protected from unauthoriz…">DSP-10: Sensitive Data Transfer</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/csa-aicm" title="Apply industry accepted methods for the secure disposal of data from storage media such that data is not recoverable by any forensic means.">DSP-02: Secure Disposal</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/csa-aicm" title="Develop systems, products, and business practices based upon a principle of security by design and industry best practices.">DSP-07: Data Protection by Design and Default</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/csa-aicm" title="Develop systems, products, and business practices based upon a principle of privacy by design and industry best practices. Ensure that systems' privacy setting…">DSP-08: Data Privacy by Design and Default</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/csa-aicm" title="Data retention, archiving and deletion is managed in accordance withbusiness requirements, applicable laws and regulations.">DSP-16: Data Retention and Deletion</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/csa-aicm" title="Protect information from unauthorized disclosure on managed endpoint devices with storage encryption.">UEM-08: Storage Encryption</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/csa-aicm" title="Define, implement and evaluate processes, procedures and technical measures to ensure that personal data is processed according to any applicable laws and regu…">DSP-12: Limitation of Purpose in Personal Data Processing</a>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-group">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-heading">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-title">OWASP AIVSS</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker aiuc-crosswalk-help-marker" data-tooltip="OWASP AI Vulnerability Scoring System enables organizations to quantify how agentic capabilities amplify security risks" tabIndex="0">?</span>
        </div>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-rule" aria-hidden="true" />

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-items">
          <a href="/crosswalks/owasp-aivss" title="Unauthorized manipulation of infrastructure, IoT, or operational technology">Insecure Agent Critical Systems Interaction</a>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-group">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-heading">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-title">Cisco AI Security Framework</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker aiuc-crosswalk-help-marker" data-tooltip="Comprehensive AI threat landscape taxonomy identifying 19 attacker objectives with 150+ subtechniques from Cisco" tabIndex="0">?</span>
        </div>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-rule" aria-hidden="true" />

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-crosswalk-items">
          <a href="/crosswalks/cisco-ai-security-safety-framework" title="Actors determine whether a specific data point, record, or individual was included in a model's training dataset, exposing sensitive information about training…">AITech-8.1: Membership Inference</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/cisco-ai-security-safety-framework" title="Actors intentionally or unintentionally cause sensitive information to be exposed through model outputs, API responses, or system behaviors. This includes leak…">AITech-8.2: Data Exfiltration / Exposure</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/cisco-ai-security-safety-framework" title="Actors trigger the unintentional or unauthorized exposure, leakage, or sharing of data, model parameters, or system details to parties who should not have acce…">AITech-8.3: Information Disclosure</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/cisco-ai-security-safety-framework" title="Actors extract, reveal, or reconstruct the system prompts, meta-prompts, hidden instructions, initial context, or operational directives that define a model/ag…">AITech-8.4: Prompt/Meta Extraction</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/cisco-ai-security-safety-framework" title="Actors exploit insufficient sanitization, validation, filtering, or security controls applied to content generated by models or agents before it is passed to d…">AITech-12.2: Insecure Output Handling</a>
          <a href="/crosswalks/cisco-ai-security-safety-framework" title="Actors prompt generative models or agents to produce unauthorized, unsafe, or malicious content, including harmful instructions, toxic speech, misinformation,…">AITech-15.1: Harmful Content</a>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </section>
</div>

<section className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence">
  <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-headings">
    <h2>Control activities</h2>
    <h2>Typical evidence</h2>
  </div>

  <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-group">
    <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-label">
      <span>Should include</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker" data-tooltip="Organizations must demonstrate core controls to meet the requirement. Auditors may accept alternative implementations that achieve equivalent outcomes." tabIndex="0">?</span>
    </div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-row">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-card aiuc-requirement-control-card">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-item">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-control-bullet" aria-hidden="true" />

          <p><strong>Providing user guidance on protecting confidential information.</strong> For example, instructing employees not to input trade secrets, proprietary code, or confidential business information into AI systems, communicating data handling policies for AI tool usage, or establishing clear guidelines on what information can and cannot be shared with AI agents.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-card aiuc-requirement-evidence-card">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-title">A004.1 Documentation: User guidance on confidential information</div>
        <p>Policy document, training materials, or user guidelines instructing users on protecting confidential information when using AI systems.</p>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta">
          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Category</div>
            <a href="/evidence/operational-practices">Operational Practices</a>
          </div>

          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Typical location</div>

            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill-list">
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Product</span>
            </div>
          </div>

          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Capabilities</div>

            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill-list">
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Universal</span>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-group">
    <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-label">
      <span>May include</span> <span className="aiuc-help-marker" data-tooltip="Supplemental controls demonstrating additional safeguards. Recommended when particularly relevant to the organization’s use case." tabIndex="0">?</span>
    </div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-row">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-card aiuc-requirement-control-card">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-item">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-control-bullet" aria-hidden="true" />

          <p><strong>Leveraging foundation model provider protections.</strong> For example, using providers with zero data retention policies, requiring contractual commitments that inputs are not used for training, selecting models with enhanced privacy guarantees for sensitive use cases.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-card aiuc-requirement-evidence-card">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-title">A004.2 Documentation: foundational model IP protections</div>
        <p>Provider contracts, terms of service, or documentation showing IP protection commitments. Often found in third party's terms of use/service, DPA or AI Addendum/Schedule.</p>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta">
          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Category</div>
            <a href="/evidence/legal-policies">Legal Policies</a>
          </div>

          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Typical location</div>

            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill-list">
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Vendor Contracts</span>
            </div>
          </div>

          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Capabilities</div>

            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill-list">
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Universal</span>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-row">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-card aiuc-requirement-control-card">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-item">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-control-bullet" aria-hidden="true" />

          <p><strong>Implementing technical controls to detect proprietary information in outputs.</strong></p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-card aiuc-requirement-evidence-card">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-title">A004.3 Config: IP detection implementation</div>
        <p>Code or configuration detecting proprietary information patterns in AI outputs - may include labelling proprietary files, filtering rules for internal identifiers/data labels/API keys, scanning logic for trade secret terminology, or rejection demonstrations showing appropriate responses to proprietary requests.</p>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta">
          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Category</div>
            <a href="/evidence/technical-implementation">Technical Implementation</a>
          </div>

          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Typical location</div>

            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill-list">
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Engineering Code</span>
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Product</span>
            </div>
          </div>

          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Capabilities</div>

            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill-list">
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Universal</span>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-evidence-row">
      <div className="aiuc-requirement-card aiuc-requirement-control-card">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-control-item">
          <span className="aiuc-requirement-control-bullet" aria-hidden="true" />

          <p><strong>Establishing output monitoring for high-risk IP scenarios.</strong> For example, logging AI responses that accessed confidential data sources, implementing human review workflows for outputs flagged as potentially containing sensitive information.</p>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div className="aiuc-requirement-card aiuc-requirement-evidence-card">
        <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-title">A004.4 Config: IP disclosure monitoring</div>
        <p>Logs, audit trails, or review workflow documentation for AI outputs potentially containing sensitive information - may include logs of responses accessing confidential sources, flagged output review queues, or human approval workflows for high-risk disclosures.</p>

        <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta">
          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Category</div>
            <a href="/evidence/technical-implementation">Technical Implementation</a>
          </div>

          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Typical location</div>

            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill-list">
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Engineering Practice</span>
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Logs</span>
            </div>
          </div>

          <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-group">
            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-meta-label">Capabilities</div>

            <div className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill-list">
              <span className="aiuc-requirement-evidence-pill">Universal</span>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

  <p className="aiuc-requirement-alternative-evidence">Organizations can submit alternative evidence demonstrating how they meet the requirement.</p>
</section>

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        <span className="aiuc-footer-codeblock-header">Structural unit</span>
        <span className="aiuc-footer-codeblock-code">a.</span>
        <span className="aiuc-footer-codeblock-text">AIUC-1 requirements for agent data, privacy, security, safety, reliability, accountability, and societal risk.</span>
        <span className="aiuc-footer-codeblock-code">b.</span>
        <span className="aiuc-footer-codeblock-text">Evidence templates for technical implementation, legal policy, operational practice, and third-party evaluation.</span>
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        <span className="aiuc-footer-codeblock-text">Crosswalks to AI regulations, standards, and security frameworks.</span>
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